Glen Weldon's "The Caped Crusade"

Glen Weldon is the author of Superman: The Unauthorized Biography and the new book, The Caped Crusade: Batman and the Rise of Nerd Culture.

He applied the “Page 99 Test” to The Caped Crusade and reported the following:

Well, this worked out nicely: page 99 of The Caped Crusade, which uses the character of Batman as a lens through which to examine how and why nerd culture came to be, chronicles the brief period of time right after end of the 60s TV show.

Turns out, that's the moment when everything changed. The POW! ZAP! Batmania fad had fizzled out. Sales of Batman comics were tanking. And over at Marvel, writers had keyed into the fact that the core readership of comics was now teens and adults, not kids, as it had been just a few years before. And that readership wanted more complex storylines that put heroes through the emotional wringer. To do that, those heroes needed to have emotions -- distinct, definable personalities, unlike the cheery, anodyne cops-in-capes that had dominated comics for the previous 30 years.

So the writers of Batman resolved to remake Batman from scratch, and they did so by viscerally rejecting everything Adam West's TV Batman had been. In the book, I argue that the grim, brooding badass version of Batman that now occupies our collective consciousness was actually born at the moment, in 1970, when they started Batman over, and -- crucially -- made him an obsessive. That obsession was key, because it resonated with the the obsessive nerds who read his comics, and paved the way for every Batman who's donned the cowl since.

Learn more about the book and author at Glen Weldon's website and follow him on Twitter.

The Page 99 Test: Superman: The Unauthorized Biography.

Writers Read: Glen Weldon.

--Marshal Zeringue

D. Peter MacLeod's "Northern Armageddon"

D. Peter MacLeod is a curator at the Canadian War Museum and the author of The Canadian Iroquois and the Seven Years’ War.

He applied the “Page 99 Test” to his new book, Northern Armageddon: The Battle of the Plains of Abraham and the Making of the American Revolution, and reported the following:

During the Seven Years’ War (1754-1763) France fought Britain for control of northeastern North America; Native American nations fought to preserve their homelands. The war reached a climax in 1759 when James Wolfe and his army sailed up the St. Lawrence River to besiege Quebec City, then the capital of the French empire in North America. The campaign is best known for the encounter between Wolfe and Montcalm at the Battle of the Plains of Abraham.

Northern Armageddon tells the story of the Battle of the Plains of Abraham through the eyes of American, British, French, and Native American participants. On page 99, we’re looking at the tense relationships in the French high command. Louis-Joseph de Montcalm commands the French regular army battalions that were posted to Canada during the Seven Years’ War. Pierre Rigaud de Vaudreuil is Governor General of New France and commander-in-chief of the French armed forces in North America.

They don’t get along.

On page 99, in a flashback to 1758, Montcalm, who has just defeated a massive British-American invasion at Ticonderoga, accuses Vaudreuil of attempting the mass murder of his army by holding back reinforcements. (“M. de Vaudreuil wanted to have us slaughtered by giving me so few men to face a real danger.”)

Vaudreuil, unimpressed, lists a whole series of abusive outbursts by Montcalm and gently suggests the general might be better employed elsewhere. (“He can serve very usefully in Europe. No one respects his excellent qualities more than I, but he lacks those which are necessary for making war in this country.”)

All this is background, providing context for a key moment on the Plains of Abraham in 1759. The French and British armies are formed in battle lines, facing one another across the plains. Vaudreuil orders Montcalm to hold in place. Instead, Montcalm orders a charge that leads to his own death, the shattering of the French army, and the surrender of Quebec, and ultimately contributes to the outbreak of the American Revolution.

Learn more about Northern Armageddon at the publisher's website.

My Book, The Movie: Northern Armageddon.

--Marshal Zeringue

Iain Overton's "The Way of the Gun"

Iain Overton is the director of policy and investigations at Action on Armed Violence (AOAV). Prior to joining AOAV in 2013, he worked as a journalist, notably for the BBC, ITN, the London-based Bureau of Investigative Journalism, and the Guardian, Telegraph, and Independent newspapers. He is the recipient of two Amnesty Media Awards, a BAFTA, and a Peabody Award, among others. He holds two degrees from Cambridge University.

Overton applied the “Page 99 Test” to his new book, The Way of the Gun: A Bloody Journey into the World of Firearms, and reported the following:

On page 99 of The Way of the Gun, the reader will read the following:

I’ve been held up at gunpoint three times in my life. I’ve also been shot at twice. The reasons I was shot at were indiscriminate, so I didn’t take those times personally; I just happened to be in the wrong place at the wrong time. Being held up at gunpoint, though, was intimate. Those moments of rushed demands and ugly threats have stayed with me longer and touched me more deeply than most of the horrors I’ve seen. Something in me broke a little.

In many ways, this paragraph holds true to Ford Madox Ford’s litmus test. The heart of the book is summed up.

The Way of the Gun is a work of non-fiction that takes the reader deep into the world of firearms and those communities affected by them. It is a passage through a host of realities moulded by the gun. With almost a billion firearms on the planet and 12 billion bullets produced every year, it is a world defined by power and pain, and underpinned by profit.

Over half a million people die every year from gunshot, and this paragraph on page 99 sums up how I was almost one of them on a number of occasions. It also sums up how this is not an academic book into the gun – it is one where I write about intensely lived personal experiences, seeing the horrors wrought by the gun up close. From warzones in Iraq to gun markets in Somalia, ganglands in Central America to emergency rooms in South Africa, this is a book that reveals the true impact of the gun on the world.

On Page 99 I write that – like countless others – I have been the victim of gun violence. I write about being help up at gunpoint in Papua New Guinea, in the Netherlands and in Ecuador. And I write about fear and trauma, power and powerlessness.

This is a book, then, where my words are rooted in a hard-lived reality. The subtitle of the book says that this is a ‘bloody journey into the world of firearms’, and this page shows that that blood was almost mine.

Learn more about The Way of the Gun at the publisher's website.

--Marshal Zeringue

Harriet F. Senie's "Memorials to Shattered Myths"

Harriet F. Senie, author of Memorials to Shattered Myths: Vietnam to 9/11, is Director of the M.A. Program in Art History and Art Museum Studies at City College, City University of New York, and also teaches at the CUNY Graduate Center. She is the author of several books and numerous articles on public art, and is co-founder of the international organization Public Art Dialogue and co-editor of its journal, Public Art Dialogue.

Senie applied the “Page 99 Test” to Memorials to Shattered Myths: Vietnam to 9/11 and reported the following:

In some respects the Page 99 Test works for Memorials to Shattered Myths: Vietnam to 9/11. It falls in the chapter on the Columbine shootings, which together with the Vietnam War, the Oklahoma City bombing and the 9/11 attacks all shattered myths of national identity: Vietnam that the U.S. always won wars; Oklahoma City that the heartland was safe; Columbine that the American high school experience was an idyllic part of growing up; and 9/11 many, many assumptions. Memorials to these events conflated cemeteries with memorials, and heroes with victims. By employing strategies of diversion or denial (consciously or not) they effectively preclude any consideration of the implications of these events.

This page observes that the primary scene of death at Columbine High School, the library, was eradicated and replaced by an atrium defined by an uplifting mural of trees and sky, while a new library was built on the other side of the building. This paralleled the deliberate omission of any reference to the two boys responsible for the shooting. Initially 15 crosses were erected, one for each of the victims including the two killers, but these two were immediately destroyed.

The book argues that the memorial process for major events such as these be a tri-partite undertaking leading to immediate, interim and permanent structures. It includes a chapter on immediate memorials, a common mourning ritual that is rooted in cemetery practice. Non-perishable objects left at these gatherings are often stored in adjacent museums or local historical societies. Presently victims families play a major role in determining the permanent memorial but this book suggests that it makes more sense to put them in charge of the interim memorial, which might take whatever form they deem would best address their needs during this deep mourning period of shock and transition. The permanent memorial would then be primarily in the hands of professionals, as was the case with the Vietnam Veterans Memorial. The book concludes: “The purpose of memorials –especially national ones – is to remember those who died and the circumstances of their death. These structures must have an immediate resonance not only for those who lost family members and loved ones, but also for everyone affected by the tragedy. They must have a broader significance as well because they define the present to the future.”
© 2016 Harriet F. Senie

Visit Harriet F. Senie's website.

--Marshal Zeringue

Alex J. Kay's "The Making of an SS Killer"

Alex J. Kay is Senior Academic Coordinator at the Institute of Contemporary History, Berlin. He obtained his Ph.D. in 2005 from the Humboldt University, Berlin, and is author of Exploitation, Resettlement, Mass Murder: Political and Economic Planning for German Occupation Policy in the Soviet Union, 1940–1941 (2006) and numerous articles in peer-reviewed journals.

Kay applied the “Page 99 Test” to his new book, The Making of an SS Killer: The Life of Colonel Alfred Filbert, 1905–1990, and reported the following:

Page 99 of The Making of an SS Killer, a biography of SS Lieutenant Colonel Alfred Filbert, a frontline Holocaust perpetrator responsible for the murder of more than 18,000 Jewish men, women, and children in the German-occupied Soviet Union, is notable for describing the opening of preliminary investigations against Filbert on 28 December 1959 by the Public Prosecutor’s Office in (West) Berlin. He was accused:

[...] during the period from July 1941 to April 1942 in Russia, Lithuania and Poland, in the central section of the army group rear area [. . .] of having jointly with others [. . .] by means of several independent actions with base motives, maliciously and cruelly killed or of having had killed by persons subordinated to him a not yet established number of people, mostly of Jewish faith[...].

Some of the details were unclear at this point – not least the precise duration of Filbert’s stint as commander and of the killings ordered by him – but over the course of the next two years the Public Prosecutor’s Office succeeded in ascertaining exactly when Filbert had commanded the mobile killing squad in question, where it had been deployed and, at least approximately, how many people it had murdered under Filbert’s command.

Page 99 of the book is located part way through chapter eight, which addresses the arrest and trial of Alfred Filbert, covering the period from February 1959 to June 1962. The main trial against Filbert and five other officers from his unit – SS-Einsatzkommando 9 – began in Berlin on 14 May 1962. As one German newspaper wrote: “A trial of this magnitude has never previously taken place before a German court.”

Learn more about The Making of an SS Killer at the Cambridge University Press website.

--Marshal Zeringue

Stephen Singular & Joyce Singular's "Shadow on the Mountain"

Stephen Singular is a New York Times bestselling author and Edgar Award nominee. His book Talked to Death was made into the Oliver Stone film Talk Radio. Joyce Singular is an author of two books and a collaborator on a number of titles with her husband, adding a female perspective on the nature of crime.

They applied the “Page 99 Test” to their new book, Shadow on the Mountain: Nancy Pfister, Dr. William Styler, and the Murder of Aspen's Golden Girl, and reported the following:

The page 99 test works well for this book -- the story of an Aspen heiress, Nancy Pfister, who once dated Michael Douglas and then Jack Nicholson. She was a regular at Hunter Thompson’s kitchen table when the King of Gonzo was ruling Woody Creek, just outside of Aspen, from the 1970s into the new millennium. She could hold her own after midnight, when partying with any of them, and combined both charm and a nasty, entitled tongue that some people dealt with better than others. In time, because of her drinking, drugging, and sexual escapades, she began to fall down Aspen’s social ladder. Although her family was quite wealthy, she was also on a limited budget and always in need of more money. In the fall of 2013, she planned to go away to Australia for the winter and needed to rent out her house. Dr. William Styler III, a once prominent Denver anesthesiologist, and his wife, Nancy, had lately fallen on very hard times. Looking to reinvent themselves in Aspen in their sixties, they met Nancy Pfister and this seemed to be a perfect solution for all – until Pfister starting treating them less like tenants and more like servants. Trouble came almost as soon as she left for Down Under because she didn’t feel that she’d been paid what the Stylers owed. Enter Pfister’s personal assistant/bank teller/one-time lover Kathy Carpenter, the intermediary between the couple and their landlady while she was out of the country. Six thousand dollars that the Stylers had paid to Pfister mysteriously disappeared and ended up in Carpenter’s possession.

Page 99 describes the escalating conflict between Pfister, who didn’t know what had become of the $6,000, and the Stylers, who felt wrongly accused of being in her debt. She’s about to return from Australia, throw them out of her house, and all hell will soon break loose. Within a few days, Carpenter will find Pfister dead in her bedroom closet and the Stylers (and then Carpenter herself) will be arrested for murder. Which one of the three people or what combination of the three did it? The case was resolved four months later, but many people believe the truth has still not come out… An apparently simple story that’s surrounded on every side by ambiguity.

Visit Stephen Singular's website.

--Marshal Zeringue

Milt Diggins's "Stealing Freedom Along the Mason-Dixon Line"

Milt Diggins is an independent scholar, historian, and writer. He applied the “Page 99 Test” to his new book, Stealing Freedom Along the Mason-Dixon Line: Thomas McCreary, the Notorious Slave Catcher from Maryland, and reported the following:

Stealing Freedom Along the Mason-Dixon Line is uniquely framed around the story of a slave catcher and kidnapper, and his community. This framing provides significant insight into the sectional conflict over slave catching and kidnapping around the time of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850. McCreary and his community’s side of the story focuses on a system determined to perpetuate slavery, and those who used the system to exploit vulnerable blacks living north and east of the Mason-Dixon Line. The contrasting side of the story is brought forth by an array of opposing forces—those who resisted being victims, those who were dedicated to ending slavery, and those who attempted to at least stop the kidnapping of free blacks and the injustice inflicted on suspected fugitive slaves. Unanticipated allies were the ordinary citizens who suddenly found themselves thrust into the turmoil, and who reacted out of a humanitarian impulse to rescue African American neighbors seized from their midst. This side of the story portrays the struggle for social justice prior to the Civil War.

On page 99, a party of citizens who had arrived in Baltimore from a Pennsylvania community near the Mason-Dixon Line are attempting to rescue Rachel Parker, a seventeen-year-old free black accused of being a fugitive slave, before she disappears into the maw of southern slavery:

… Wiley informed them of Rachel’s whereabouts. Benjamin Furniss, accompanied by the others, headed for the post office to ask his wife’s cousin, a postal clerk named Lewis Newcomer, for advice. Newcomer took them to meet Francis S. Corkran, a Quaker and lumber merchant with a business on a Pratt Street wharf. Miller and Newcomer arrived at his office shortly after eight that morning. Originally from Dorchester County, where he had assisted runaway slaves via the Underground Railroad, Corkran knew Campbell because their businesses were on the wharves. He advised the group to locate Schoolfield and to confirm Rachel’s confinement at Campbell’s.

When they met the slave-trader, Campbell denied that Parker was in his pen. They left, but after inquiring at another slave jail, they went back and confronted Campbell. A heavy fog blanketed Pratt Street that morning, Newcomer recounted, and “the return of our company to Campbell’s slave depot was a little too quick for the slave dealers.” As they approached the pen’s outer wall, they spotted a carriage at the gate whose driver appeared ready to depart. Newcomer rushed up and seized the bridle and reins to prevent the hack from leaving. Corkran peered inside and confirmed that McCreary was sitting with Rachel. Newcomer saw “no evident reason for the kidnapper and victim to be in the hack together except to get her hidden after learning that her friends were on the trail.” When Corkran and Newcomer spoke with him later, Campbell “claimed that after hearing of the claim that she was a free Negro he was planning to have her lodged in jail pending a decision of this question.” Corkran suspected otherwise, that McCreary intended to take Rachel to Alexandria and sell her.

McCreary then turned Rachel Parker over to A. P. Shutt, clerk at the city jail. Unless she could prove otherwise, she was Eliza Crocus, a runaway, presumably the chattel of Luther A. Schoolfield, Baltimore lottery dealer and exchange broker. After her transfer to the city jail, Rachel met Schoolfield, when “he came to her very angry, that the affair had taken such a turn, and was out of his control.” Around eleven o’clock that morning at the jail, Corkran finally had…

Without the preceding pages, the reader turning to this page is unaware of the danger in this situation. The Pennsylvanians have entered a hostile city a few months after Edward Gorsuch, a Baltimore County slaveholder, was slain when attempting to legally recover his slaves in Christiana, Pennsylvania. The rescuers had arrived in Baltimore a few weeks after one of the supposed leaders of the resistance was acquitted by a Philadelphia jury. Joseph Miller, Rachel’s employer, obtained a warrant charging McCreary with kidnapping. Miller disappeared later that day. The next day his body is found hanging from a tree outside Baltimore. Historians concluded that Miller’s death was revenge for the death of Gorsuch. But the aftermath of Christiana and its treason trial and the story of McCreary intertwine more significantly than historians have realized. As for the story of how Rachel Parker’s community responded, its telling is long overdue, for the community’s response is one of American History’s greatest displays of humanity in the face of hostility.

Visit Milt Diggins's website.

--Marshal Zeringue

Nicholas Ostler's "Passwords to Paradise"

Nicholas Ostler is the author of The Last Lingua Franca: English Until the Return of Babel, Ad Infinitum: A Biography of Latin, and Empires of the Word: A Language History of the World. He is chairman of the Foundation for Endangered Languages, a charity that supports the efforts of small communities worldwide to know and use their languages more. A scholar with a working knowledge of twenty-six languages, Ostler has degrees from Oxford University in Greek, Latin, philosophy, and economics, and a Ph.D. in linguistics from M.I.T., where he studied under Noam Chomsky. He lives in England, in Roman Bath, on the hill where Ambrosius Aurelianus defeated the Saxons for a generation.

Ostler applied the “Page 99 Test” to his latest book, Passwords to Paradise: How Languages Have Re-invented World Religions, and reported the following:

Page 99 of Passwords to Paradise opens a new section in the chapter “Every man heard… his own language”: the section is called Other Language Communions.

The chapter as a whole is a review of different churches which grew up all round the eastern Mediterranean, each characterized by its own language. One contention of the book is that these congregations – and the specific heresies which characterized each one - would not have existed without the language differences, even though the Scriptures all spread among them originally in Aramaic or Greek. It was as if the languages created conscious communities, and the communities looked for their own distinctive confessions, to reinforce their identities.

On page 99, I extend the narrative to Gothic, the medium of the Arian church, and the first Germanic language to be written down. The language work was done, and the Bible translated (minus the war-like passages in the Books of Kings!), by its heroic first bishop, Wulfila — i.e. “Wolfie”— a young man consecrated (in 341) by the very same bishop who had baptized the emperor Constantine on his deathbed. Gothic as a language went extinct after the 6th century; but had it survived, so might Arianism, highly popular in the Roman empire in those early years. For Arians Christ was a creature of the Father, and so a man, not a part of God himself.

Page 99 also introduces the Armenian church, the first national one. Tiridates III, who had grown up as a political refugee in Rome, began his reign in 287 (with Roman support) as a great persecutor of Christians. Curiously enough, he was then converted by Gregory, the last survivor of the family which had assassinated Tiridates’ father. Tiridates went on to become Armenia’s first Christian king – It would take a few more generations before Mesrop Mashtots (362-44) did for Armenian what Wulfila did for Gothic, giving the language its own alphabet and translation of the Bible. Armenia, alone in its region, went on to host a Miaphysite church, holding Christ’s nature to be single, not a mixture of the human with the divine (as Greek, Latin and Georgian speakers have insisted).

Page 99 is just one brick in the wall. But it witnesses that in the world of religion – as Benedict Anderson memorably pointed out more generally – “Much the most important thing about language is its capacity for generating imagined communities [ in a book of the same name], building in effect particular solidarities.“

Visit Nicholas Ostler's website.

Writers Read: Nicholas Ostler.

--Marshal Zeringue

Alexis Wick's "The Red Sea: In Search of Lost Space"

Alexis Wick is Assistant Professor of History at the American University of Beirut.

He applied the “Page 99 Test” to his new book, The Red Sea: In Search of Lost Space, and reported the following:

Ford Madox Ford must have had some sort of mystical insight when he came up with the idea that Page 99 of any book would reveal something special and significant about the quality and nature of the whole. Page 99 of The Red Sea: In Search of Lost Space is headed by one of the very rare illustrations in the book, covering about a third of the printed space of the page. This singularity bespeaks its crucial importance to the larger project as a whole, which is fundamentally dedicated to an exploration of the constitutive features of the modern historian’s craft, and, more particularly, a reflection on the question of how specific spaces (and not others) become viable subjects of history. At the origin of the book were two rather simple discoveries. First, a historiographical observation: there was no holistic account of the Red Sea remotely comparable Fernand Braudel’s famous treatment of the Mediterranean, even though the space seemed to be an obvious candidate as a coherent actor. This led me to the records of the Ottoman empire, which had administered most of the shores of the sea in the modern period. Second, an archival finding: the Ottomans almost never used the category ‘Red Sea’, until the second half of the nineteenth century, when it becomes ubiquitous. The resulting book simultaneously presents the general contours of a geohistory of that distinctive space, even as it analyzes its scholarly marginalization, reveals the invention of the Red Sea as a discreet scientific object and traces the genealogy of the concept of the sea more largely. But it also explores what the writing of history outside of the Eurocentric analytic of objective space and time may look like. And this is where the illustration on Page 99 comes in: it is an image of an Ottoman document, which serves as the backbone of my attempt to write geohistory otherwise, as the chapter is constructed along the complete translation and intimate reading of the text. Instead of treating the document as a straightforward pool of data, I approach it as containing in its interstices a whole cosmos, which indeed may even suggest a different notion of spatiality entirely, and therefore an alternative way of thinking and being in the world.

Learn more about The Red Sea: In Search of Lost Space at the University of California Press website.

--Marshal Zeringue

George Goodwin's "Benjamin Franklin in London"

George Goodwin is the author of the highly-acclaimed Fatal Colours and Fatal Rivalry. He applied the “Page 99 Test” to his new book, Benjamin Franklin in London: The British Life of America's Founding Father, and reported the following:

From page 99:

Franklin talked of Pasquale Paoli, the great Corsican anti-French patriot who had fled to London, and Franklin passed on some information he had heard from Robert Wood, the Under-Secretary of State. But the collective talk was of philosophy, inspiring Boswell, on getting home to his lodgings with a Mr Careless, to describe himself as the ‘Philosophe de Sans Souci’. He was then himself careless with a maid called Phoebe.

~~

Franklin’s interest in science during his time in London was constant. We know that he continued to conduct practical experiments, such as his 1758 demonstration to Lord Charles Cavendish and others of some electrical apparatus he called his Philadelphia Machine, which obliged him by producing a spark nine inches long. Though he produced a damper for chimneys and stoves and, in 1768, the first map to chart the Gulf Stream, on the whole his science in London was philosophical, theoretical and speculative. He did, though, definitely invent two noteworthy physical items. One was a three-wheel clock, the other being the glass armonica.

James Ferguson, the Scottish natural philosopher and instrument maker, described Franklin’s clock in great detail in his Select Mechanical Exercises, first published in 1773. Perhaps the most interesting aspect of its design was that the larger of its two faces would show only four hours. Thus when the single hand was on the hour I, it would also be on the hours V and IX – the assumption being that the viewer would be sufficiently compos mentis to realize which of the three was appropriate. Each of the clock’s four quarters had the individual minutes marked up to sixty with each ten-minute mark enumerated. Above the larger face was a much smaller one which showed the seconds. The whole was a combination of style, simplicity and efficiency. The fact that Ferguson made improvements to the design was certainly not a criticism of a man classed by Franklin as someone ‘whom I rejoice to call my friend’. Rather it was reflective of a joyous collaborative spirit of scientific enquiry and practical experimentation that was common to the age.

This American ‘99 Test’, based as it is on page 99 of a book, is an excellent test of authenticity. Far better than a British ‘99 Test’, which would check whether a so-named Ice Cream had any authentic cream in it at all!

So, how does my Benjamin Franklin in London: the British Life of America’s Founding Father fare when facing the more searching American ‘99 Test’? Well, I am delighted to say that page 99 is true to the spirit of the rest of the book.

The first paragraph demonstrates that Franklin had very good contacts within the British government, a fact that has been too often missed by historians. It also shows that he was not a prude and enjoyed the company of men such as Boswell and the notorious Sir Francis Dashwood, though he and Dashwood enjoyed rewriting the Book of Common Prayer together rather than anything more scandalous.

The second paragraph shows that Franklin and the British aristocracy shared a passion for science, and moreover for a science that sizzled and sparked. It was for his theories on electricity that Franklin was famous, and indeed so much so that the philosopher Immanuel Kant hailed him as ‘The Prometheus of Modern Times’. Against that, his other mind-boggling scientific achievements, even his identification of the Gulf Stream were secondary – extraordinary as it might seem.

The third paragraph captures the point that the quest for scientific knowledge was a matter of joint enterprise and joyous collaboration. It embodied a desire for understanding rather than a greed for material gain based on practical application: after all, as one example, Franklin’s clock would not have been of much use during northern Canada’s long winter nights.

So, all in all, page 99 is a good representative of the rest of the book. And, if you like it, why not try the whole thing?

Visit George Goodwin's website.

--Marshal Zeringue